Bipolar Disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels can significantly affect daily functioning, relationships, and overall well-being.

Bipolar I Disorder

• Defined by at least one manic episode lasting at least seven days (or less if hospitalization is required).

• Depressive episodes may also occur, often lasting two weeks or more.

Bipolar II Disorder

• Characterized by patterns of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes (less severe than full mania).

• No full-blown manic episodes.

Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia)

• Periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms lasting for at least two years (one year in children/adolescents).

• Symptoms are less severe than in Bipolar I or II.

Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar Disorders

• Symptoms that don't match the criteria for the above categories but still involve significant mood disturbances.

Mania or Hypomania

• Increased energy or activity

• Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity

• Decreased need for sleep

• Rapid or pressured speech

• Racing thoughts

• Risky or impulsive behavior (e.g., excessive spending, substance use)

• Euphoria or irritability

Depression

• Persistent sadness or low mood

• Fatigue or lack of energy

• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt

• Difficulty concentrating

• Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed

• Changes in appetite or weight

• Thoughts of death or suicide

• Medication

• Psychotherapy

• Lifestyle Adjustments

• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)